Abstract
After a discussion of the French energy policy (aspects related to the development of renewable energy, to the protection of the marine environment, and to maritime space planning), this publication states the opinion of the WWF France regarding the French energy multi-year programming, and the national strategy for marine protected areas, and maritime space planning, and notably outlines the lack of assessment of cumulated impacts, the lack of compatibility between the protection of biodiversity and wind energy development. It highlights actions to be undertaken by public authorities and services, planning authorities, operators and developers to ensure a low ecological vulnerability of offshore wind farm sites, to produce ecological sensitivity maps, to require environmental guarantees by operators as soon as from bidding, to support instruction departments in order to better the complexity of offshore projects into account, to guarantee that future wind farms will not constrain the mission of conservation actors, to wait for the return on experience of pilot wind farms in the case of Mediterranean Sea, to respect issues related to protected marine areas, to optimise the connection to the grid, and so on.