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- Thesis:
Isaksson
As climate change becomes a more pressing reality in the 21st century, governments around the world are setting targets to meet electricity production demand from renewable energy sources such as tidal streams. However, tidal stream environments are also important habitats for marine wildlife, including seabirds. Risk of collision and habitat displacement are the major negative effects of…
- Thesis:
Piesinger
Over the past few years the increase in human population worldwide has changed the underwater soundscape. Loud, new, unfamiliar noises are being introduced to the environment, impacting many species of animals. This has particularly harmful effects on marine organisms that rely heavily on their sense of hearing, such as harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena). Harbour porpoises use…
- Thesis:
Santos
Massachusetts like many states all across the country are struggling with the effects of climate change. And like many states all across the country, Massachusetts is also finding innovative methods of reducing their carbon footprint. One of the methods that Massachusetts will be utilizing is the offshore wind industry. On March 26, 2021, Governor Charlie Baker signed Senate Bill 9 - An Act…
- Thesis:
Massey
Wind energy facilitates have expanded significantly in the United States over the last few decades due to technological advancements, regulatory incentives, and policies aimed at increasing renewable energy production, but poorly sited turbines may have adverse effects on local and migratory birds, bats, and other wildlife and their habitats. In the northeastern United States, Maine has become…
- Thesis:
Odunaiya-Adebanjo
This research focuses on evaluating the environmental impact of future offshore energy plants, which are recognized as a crucial component of a sustainable energy future. The study compares two offshore wind farms and a wave energy plant, using 1 kWh of electricity as the functional unit. The OpenLCA 1.10.3 software and the "NEEDS" database are used for conducting a comprehensive comparative…
- Thesis:
Dolan
Wind energy is currently the fastest growing renewable energy resource in the United States. There are, however, only limited locations that have strong enough wind speeds to be suitable as wind farm sites. Throughout the state of Florida there are mostly only Class 1 winds (less than 5.6 m/s), with some Class 2 (5.6 to 6.4 m/s) winds close to the coast. Current wind technology requires a…
- Thesis:
Mavraki
In the North Sea, the offshore wind farm (OWF) industry is rapidly developing, with new wind farms being under construction, licenced or planned. These installations induce changes to the marine environment, by adding artificial hard substrates into soft-bottom areas. Multiple vertebrate and invertebrate species are attracted to these structures altering the biodiversity, arising concerns…
- Thesis:
Porquez
The central Oregon coast was selected as an ideal site for wave energy development and establishment of the Pacific Marine Energy Center (PMEC). PMEC will consist of two nearshore sites, one north (NETS) and one south (SETS) of the Yaquina River, Oregon. Our study aims to assess how the development of wave energy sites might impact marine birds. We used vessel-based strip transect surveys to…
- Thesis:
Docrat
Wind energy has an exponential growth rate across the world and is seen as the most efficient and reliable source of renewable and green energy technology. However, its negative impacts include the destruction of wildlife habitats and ecosystems and are the cause of many birdlife fatalities. National environmental legislation and assessments provide the basis on which environmental protection…
- Thesis:
Schneider
To mitigate climate change, a decarbonization of the electricity system is necessary. This requires a vast expansion of renewables such as wind energy and solar photovoltaics. Renewables are often outperforming fossil-fuel-based or nuclear alternatives in terms of levelized costs and they are supported by a variety of policies. However, to enable a successful transition, social acceptance is…
- Thesis:
Pawlenchuk
Wind farms are often concentrated geographically as they are cited in areas with strong resources. While this maximizes energy generation, it can decrease the value of that energy, particularly as the relative amount of wind increases in the overall system. Wind energy is growing rapidly in Alberta, and this research evaluates the potential to increase the value of the energy for new wind…
- Thesis:
Aghababian
The wind industry is rapidly growing, yet lethal interactions between bats and industrial-scale wind turbines remain an ecological drawback of this valuable renewable energy source. Previous research has utilized two-dimensional video to describe bat behavior, however it is unable to provide quantifiable spatial metrics that may be important in determining why collisions occur and inform…
- Thesis:
Weschler
Wind power generated 8.3% of the United States’ total electricity in 2020 and this number is projected to grow as billions of dollars are invested in new wind projects annually. Wildlife mortality is cited as a primary concern regarding the proliferation of wind power. While many studies have investigated bird and bat interactions with wind power, little is known about the interactions between…
- Thesis:
LiCari
Fatalities at wind energy facilities may threaten some bat populations more than others. The Brazilian free-tailed bat (Tadarida brasiliensis) is the most common wind turbine-bat fatality in the Southern Great Plains and the western United States. In California, the population is considered non-migratory with an even sex ratio, whereas in Texas, the population is migratory and female-skewed.…
- Thesis:
Grover
California has ambitious clean energy goals designed to help mitigate the worst outcomes of climate change. Offshore wind is an important part of the solution to meet California’s clean energy goals, but has potential negative impacts on the marine environment. As offshore wind energy is new to California, this paper reviews and synthesizes existing literature from other parts of the world,…
- Thesis:
Pepper
Increased interest in renewable energy and newfound technological advances have led to recent development of offshore wind energy in the United States; however, most of what is known about offshore wind farm construction impacts on the maritime environment has been from Europe. Limited research has been conducted on the potential impacts on wildlife in the coastal waters of the United States,…
- Thesis:
O'Brien
While offshore wind energy inspires hope for a low-carbon electric grid, this climate solution may simultaneously threaten marine wildlife and ecosystems in ways that are not fully understood. In this analysis, I support the Department of Energy (DoE) and BOEM funded Wildlife and Offshore Wind (WOW) project by quantifying spatiotemporal overlap between the following species of interest and…
- Thesis:
Piorkowski
This thesis is composed of a review of current literature and two manuscripts that are formatted for submission to scientific journals. Chapter II outlines major findings and issues of wind farms’ environmental assessments. It is composed of previous research and summarizes findings throughout the United States. Chapter III is formatted for submission to The Wilson Journal of Ornithology, a…
- Thesis:
Hagman
The aim of this study was to identify which bird impact types are considered significant in practice in Finnish environmental assessment reports regarding wind power. Increasing numbers of wind turbines can impact birds directly and indirectly, which could contribute to the loss of bird diversity. Amid climate change mitigation attempts, biodiversity loss should not be overlooked.…
- Thesis:
Benich
Este proyecto tiene como objetivo el análisis de viabilidad económica de la energía eólica offshore dentro de los límites legales de los mares de España. Para llevar a cabo este proyecto se han realizado mapas de recurso eólico y se han restringido lugares con limitaciones ambientales o donde la construcción de un parque eólico marino no sería posible. De esta forma se ha conseguido realizar…
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