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- Conference Paper:
Copping
Early deployments of wave and tidal energy projects are providing information on environmental effects of the devices, moorings, and power cables; these data will help inform later deployments and guide regulatory decisions as the industry moves towards the commercial scale. However, there is still considerable uncertainty about many potential interactions of devices and systems with the…
- Conference Paper:
Copping and Farr
This research examined the feasibility of developing small-scale OTEC (3-10 MW) in U.S. waters through case studies in four locations (i.e., Hawaii, Puerto Rico, St. Croix, and Guam). In addition to talking to local leaders and experts in OTEC development and processes, we examined the likely environmental effects that will drive permitting (consenting) and licensing processes in the U.S. and…
- Conference Paper:
Copping and Kramer
With only a few wave and tidal devices in the water and no long-term post-installation data sets available, there continue to be uncertainties around risks to marine animals and habitats from the deployment and operation of marine renewable energy (MRE) systems [1], [2]. Based on these uncertainties and lack of familiarity with MRE devices, regulators and stakeholders continue to perceive a…
- Conference Paper:
Copping et al.
Developing a sustainable marine energy industry requires that devices be efficient, robust, and not harmful to biological and physical resources within the marine environment. In every nation exploring marine energy development, laws and regulations protect the marine environment and its resources as society strives to create a sustainable renewable energy source from the sea. A team of…
- Conference Paper:
Copping et al.
Concerns about the potential effects of marine renewable energy (MRE) devices on marine animals, habitats, and the environment continue to slow siting and consenting of devices worldwide. Such concerns are often fueled by scientific uncertainty around these environmental interactions, which leads to heightened perceptions of risk. By increasing our understanding of these risks, the MRE…
- Conference Paper:
Carlson et al.
The deployment of tidal turbines in coastal waters raises questions about the potential risk to marine animals from strike by rotating blades. Of particular concern are marine mammals that are already facing threats from other human activities as well as climate change. Regulators in the US who are charged with permitting the installation of tidal turbines have sought additional information to…
- Conference Paper:
Yang et al.
This paper presents an application of a hydrodynamic model to simulate tidal energy extraction in a tidal dominated estuary in the Pacific Northwest coast. A series of numerical experiments were carried out to simulate tidal energy extraction with different turbine array configurations, including location, spacing and array size. Preliminary model results suggest that array optimization for…
- Conference Paper:
Copping et al.
Potential environmental effects from tidal and wave devices are of concern to regulators, advisors, and other stakeholders in many nations. Monitoring results from early deployments and the first commercial arrays, coupled with targeted research studies, are providing a growing base of knowledge of how components of tidal turbines and wave energy …
- Conference Paper:
Copping et al.
The production of electricity from the moving waters of the ocean has the potential to be a viable addition to the portfolio of renewable energy sources worldwide. The marine and hydrokinetic (MHK) industry faces many hurdles, including technology development, challenges of offshore deployments, and financing; however, the barrier most commonly identified by industry, regulators, and…
- Conference Paper:
Harker-Klimes et al.
This paper discusses the stages involved in understanding environmental impacts associated with marine energy generation devices, and describes an approach for assessing these impacts. It focusses on establishing monitoring tools and techniques for the pathways between stressors and receptors that can be transferred between locations. This highlights the difficulties in monitoring certain…
- Conference Paper:
Copping et al.
The marine renewable energy (MRE) industry is no longer brand new, but is not yet established commercially. Researchers have been examining potential environmental risks of MRE development for about a decade now, but there are still limited data from monitoring around wave and in-stream tidal devices to definitively determine what interactions between devices and marine animals/habitats can be…
- Conference Paper:
Freeman et al.
The relatively new marine renewable energy (MRE) industry has faced regulatory challenges due to the uncertainty surrounding potential environmental impacts that have often stalled its advancement. While the MRE industry continues to move forward, barriers and challenges remain for environmental permitting (consenting), including a lack of awareness of existing knowledge on environmental…
- Conference Paper:
Copping et al.
The marine renewable energy (MRE) industry is in the early stages of commercial development. In addition to the challenges of deploying and maintaining devices under harsh ocean conditions and transporting electricity to shore, concerns around potential environmental effects continue to slow permitting (consenting) processes. Regulators and stakeholders perceive a wide array of potential…
- Conference Paper:
Copping et al.
The U.S. Department of Energy (US DOE) has mobilized its National Laboratories to address the broad range of environmental effects of ocean and river energy development. The National Laboratories are using a risk-based approach to set priorities among environmental effects, and to direct research activities. Case studies will be constructed to determine the most significant…
- Conference Paper:
Copping et al.
Commercial marine renewable energy (MRE) developments can take extended periods of time to progress, in part due to complicated permitting processes that require expensive data collection and data review. Much of this delay is associated with uncertainty around potential effects of MRE on marine animals and habitats, leading regulators and stakeholders to believe that significant risks may…
- Conference Paper:
Hemery et al.
The installation, presence, operation, and decommissioning of marine renewable energy (MRE) devices inevitably alters the surrounding ocean habitats. These changes may include direct effects on the benthos from the installation or removal of foundations and anchors, changes in community composition on and near devices, artificial reef effects, and indirect …
- Conference Paper:
Copping et al.
The pace of development for marine energy projects worldwide continues to be hindered by uncertainty surrounding potential environmental effects of wave and tidal devices and the balance of system. In response to this continued uncertainty, member nations of the Ocean Energy Systems (OES) developed a collaborative project – Annex IV – to increase collection and sharing of knowledge, research…
- Conference Paper:
Copping et al.
The potential risk to marine mammals colliding with turbines is one of the primary environmental concerns slowing tidal energy development in the US and Europe. Few field observations of interactions between marine animals and tidal turbines have been reported [1], necessitating supplemental risk analyses and modeling to help fill the gap. This study provides a surrogate measure of the…
- Conference Paper:
Freeman et al.
Marine renewable energy (MRE) can benefit from broad outreach and engagement with a wide variety of audiences to raise awareness, address concerns about potential environmental impacts, generate public support, build a future workforce, share progress on research and development, and succeed within the larger blue economy. OES-Environmental is an international initiative of 16 countries that…
- Conference Paper:
Freeman et al.
The marine renewable energy (MRE) industry has seen an increase in deployments over the past 10 years, particularly in Europe. However, other areas of the globe are still in the beginning stages of MRE development including the Americas. A small number of devices have been deployed in Canada and the United States, while South and Central America have seen very few if any devices in the water […
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