The table below contains the relevant literature to this summary.
| Title | Author | Date Sort descending | Content Type | Technology | Stressor | Receptor |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Frequency characteristics of skate electroreceptive central neurons responding to electrical and magnetic stimulation | Andrianov, Y., Broun, G., Il'inskii, O., Muraveiko, V. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy | EMF | Fish, Demersal Fish | |
| Highly directional swimming by scalloped hammerhead sharks, Sphyrna lewini, and subsurface irradiance, temperature, bathymetry, and geomagnetic field | Klimley, A. | Journal Article | Marine Energy | Attraction, Avoidance, EMF | Fish | |
| Detection of magnetic field intensity by sea turtles | Lohmann, C., Lohmann, K. | Journal Article | Marine Energy | EMF | Reptiles | |
| Sensitivity and Response Dynamics of Elasmobranch Electrosensory Primary Afferent Neurons to Near Threshold Fields | Tricas, T., New, J. | Journal Article | EMF | Fish, Demersal Fish | ||
| Response properties and biological function of the skate electrosensory system during ontogeny | Sisneros, J., Tricas, T., Luer, C. | Journal Article | Marine Energy | EMF | Fish, Demersal Fish | |
| True Navigation and Magnetic Maps in Spiny Lobsters | Boles, L., Lohmann, K. | Journal Article | EMF | Invertebrates | ||
| COWRIE 2.0 Electromagnetic Fields (EMF) Phase 2: EMF Sensitive Fish Response to EM Emissions from Sub-sea Electricity Cables of the Type used by the Offshore Renewable Energy Industry | Gill, A., Huang, Y., Gloyne-Philips, I., Metcalfe, J., Quayle, V., Spencer, J., Wearmouth, V. | Report | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | EMF | Fish | |
| Economic comparison of VSC HVDC and HVAC as transmission system for a 300 MW offshore wind farm | Eeckhout,B., Hertem, D., Reza, M., Srivastava, K., Belmans, R. | Journal Article | Wind Energy | EMF | ||
| Effects of EMFs from Undersea Power Cables on Elasmobranchs and other Marine Species | Normandeau Associates Inc, Exponent Inc., Tricas, T., Gill, A. | Report | EMF | Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals | ||
| Block Island Wind Farm and Block Island Transmission System Environmental Report/Construction and Operations Plan | Tetra Tech Inc. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment | ||
| Survival of the Stillest: Predator Avoidance in Shark Embryos | Kempster, R., Hart, N., Collin, S. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy | EMF | Fish, Demersal Fish | |
| Evidence for Geomagnetic Imprinting as a Homing Mechanism in Pacific Salmon | Putman, N., Lohmann, K., Putman, E., Quinn, T., Klimley, A., Noakes, D. | Journal Article | EMF | Fish, Pelagic Fish | ||
| Bioelectric Fields of Marine Organisms: Voltage and Frequency Contributions to Detectability by Electroreceptive Predators | Bedore, C., Kajiura, S. | Journal Article | EMF | Fish, Invertebrates | ||
| Rearing in a Distorted Magnetic Field Disrupts the 'Map Sense' of Juvenile Steelhead Trout | Putman, N., Meinke, A., Noakes, D. | Journal Article | EMF | Fish, Pelagic Fish | ||
| Magnetic navigation behavior and the oceanic ecology of young loggerhead sea turtles | Putman, N., Verley, P., Endres, E., Lohmann, K. | Journal Article | Marine Energy | EMF | Reptiles | |
| Identical Response of Caged Rock Crabs (Genera Metacarcinus and Cancer) to Energized and Unenergized Undersea Power Cables in Southern California, USA | Love, M., Nishimoto, M., Clark, S., Bull, A. | Journal Article | EMF | Invertebrates | ||
| MaRVEN - Environmental Impacts of Noise, Vibrations and Electromagnetic Emissions from Marine Renewable Energy | Thomsen, F., Gill, A., Kosecka, M., Andersson, M., André, M., Degraer, S., Folegot, T., Gabriel, J., Judd, A., Neumann, T., Norro, A., Risch, D., Sigray, P., Wood, D., Wilson, B. | Report | Marine Energy | Attraction, Avoidance, EMF | ||
| The potential impacts of submarine power cables on benthic elasmobranchs | Orr, M. | Thesis | Marine Energy, Wind Energy | EMF | Fish, Demersal Fish | |
| Effects of low frequency electromagnetic fields on growth, total antioxidant activity and morphology of the intestine in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) | Nofouzi, K., Sheikhzadeh, N., Jassur, D., Helan, J., Shahbazfar, A., Tukmechi, A., Naghshara, H., Baradaran, B., Mahmoudi, R. | Journal Article | Marine Energy | EMF | Fish, Pelagic Fish | |
| Renewable Energy in situ Power Cable Observation | Love, M., Nishimoto, M., Clark, S., Bull, A. | Report | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, EMF | Fish, Demersal Fish, Pelagic Fish, Invertebrates | |
| Annex IV 2016 State of the Science Report: Environmental Effects of Marine Renewable Energy Development Around the World | Copping, A., Sather, N., Hanna, L., Whiting, J., Zydlewski, G., Staines, G., Gill, A., Hutchison, I., O'Hagan, A., Simas, T., Bald, J., Sparling, C., Wood, J., Masden, E. | Report | Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave | |||
| Magnetic field discrimination, learning, and memory in the yellow stingray (Urobatis jamaicensis) | Newton, K., Kajiura, S. | Journal Article | EMF | Fish | ||
| Chinook salmon and green sturgeon migrate through San Francisco Estuary despite large distortions in the local magnetic field produced by bridges | Klimley, A., Wyman, M., Kavet, R. | Journal Article | Marine Energy | EMF | Fish, Demersal Fish, Pelagic Fish | |
| Geomagnetic field influences upward movement of young Chinook salmon emerging from nests | Putman, N., Scanlan, M., Pollock, A., O'Neil, J., Couture, R., Stoner, J., Quinn, T., Lohmann, K., Noakes, D. | Journal Article | Marine Energy | EMF | Fish, Pelagic Fish | |
| Electromagnetic Field (EMF) Impacts on Elasmobranch (shark, rays, and skates) and American Lobster Movement and Migration from Direct Current Cables | Hutchison, Z., Sigray, P., He, H., Gill, A., King, J., Gibson, C. | Report | Marine Energy | EMF | Fish, Invertebrates | |
| Understanding the effects of electromagnetic field emissions from Marine Renewable Energy Devices (MREDs) on the commercially important edible crab, Cancer pagurus (L.) | Scott, K., Harsanyi, P., Lyndon, A. | Journal Article | Marine Energy | EMF | Invertebrates | |
| Behavioral responses by migrating juvenile salmonids to a subsea high-voltage DC power cable | Wyman, M., Klimley, A., Battleson, R., Agosta, T., Chapman, E., Haverkamp, P., Pagel, M., Kavet, R. | Journal Article | EMF | Fish, Pelagic Fish | ||
| A review of potential impacts of submarine power cables on the marine environment: Knowledge gaps, recommendations and future directions | Taormina, B., Bald, J., Want, A., Thouzeau, G., Lejart, M., Desroy, N., Carlier, A. | Journal Article | Habitat Change | |||
| XLPE Submarine Cable Systems: Attachment to XLPE land cable systems user’s guide | ABB | Guidance | Marine Energy | EMF | ||
| Effect of static magnetic field on the hatching success, growth, mortality, and yolk-sac absorption of larval Northern pike Esox lucius | Fey, D., Greszkiewicz, M., Otremba, Z., Andrulewicz, E. | Journal Article | EMF | Fish | ||
| Genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of 50 Hz 1 mT electromagnetic field on larval rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), Baltic clam (Limecola balthica) and common ragworm (Hediste diversicolor) | Stankevičiūtė, M., Jakubowska, M., Pažusienė, J., Makaras, T. , Otremba, Z., Urban-Malinga, B., Fey, D., Greszkiewicz, M., Sauliutė, G., Baršienė, J., Andrulewicz, E. | Journal Article | EMF | Fish, Demersal Fish, Pelagic Fish, Invertebrates | ||
| Magnetoreception in fish | Formicki, K., Korzelecka-Orkisz, A., Tański, A. | Journal Article | EMF | Fish | ||
| Evaluation of Potential EMF Effects on Fish Species of Commercial or Recreational Fishing Importance in Southern New England | Snyder, D., Bailey, W., Palmquist, K., Cotts, B., Olsen, K. | Report | Marine Energy | Attraction, Avoidance, EMF | Fish, Demersal Fish, Pelagic Fish, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fisheries | |
| A sense of place: pink salmon use a magnetic map for orientation | Putman, N., Williams, C., Gallagher, E., Dittman, A. | Journal Article | Marine Energy | Displacement, EMF | Fish, Pelagic Fish | |
| Impact of magnetic fields generated by AC/DC submarine power cables on the behavior of juvenile European lobster (Homarus gammarus) | Taormina, B., Di Poi, C., Agnalt, A., Carlier, A., Desroy, N., Escobar-Lux, R., D'eu, J., Freytet, F., Durif, C. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy | EMF | Invertebrates, Legal & Policy | |
| Anthropogenic electromagnetic fields (EMF) influence the behaviour of bottom-dwelling marine species | Hutchison, Z., Gill, A., Sigray, P., He, H., King, J. | Journal Article | EMF | Fish, Demersal Fish | ||
| The Interaction Between Resource Species and Electromagnetic Fields Associated with Electricity Production by Offshore Wind Farms | Hutchison, Z., Secor, D., Gill, A. | Journal Article | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | EMF | Fish, Invertebrates | |
| Vineyard Wind 1 Final Environmental Impact Statement (FEIS) | Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision, Displacement, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise | Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment | |
| Similar circling movements observed across marine megafauna taxa | Narazaki, T., Nakamura, I., Aoki, K., Iwata, T., Shiomi, K., Luschi, P., Suganuma, H., Meyer, C., Matsumoto, R., Bost, C., Handrich, Y., Amano, M., Okamoto, R., Mori, K., Ciccione, S., Bourjea, J., Sato, K. | Journal Article | Marine Energy | EMF | Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Reptiles | |
| A modelling evaluation of electromagnetic fields emitted by buried subsea power cables and encountered by marine animals: considerations for marine renewable energy development | Hutchison, Z., Gill, A., Sigray, P., He, H., King, J. | Journal Article | Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | EMF | Fish, Invertebrates |