Short Science Summary: Collision Risk

Fish

Potential for Animals to be Injured by Turbines: Collision Risk

The presence of marine renewable energy (MRE) devices—particularly the rotating blades of tidal and river turbines—is thought to pose a risk to marine animals. Animals might come into close contact with turbine blades in the course of their natural movements, because they are attracted to the device for purposes of feeding, shelter, or out of curiosity, or because they are not strong enough to avoid currents that might sweep them into the blades.

The concern is that a collision with moving device parts (e.g., turbine blades), a moving device (e.g., tidal kite), or perhaps the stationary part of a device (e.g., foundation) could cause irrevocable injury or death. For animal populations that are under stress for other reasons, such as climate change or other human activities, loss of even a few members due to collision might affect the survivability of the population. The greatest concerns are for marine mammals, especially those in protected or declining populations; commercially and recreationally important fish species; and endangered seabirds.

This Short Science Summary was developed based on the OES-Environmental 2020 State of the Science Report: Environmental Effects of Marine Renewable Energy Development Around the World, specifically Chapter 3: Collision Risk for Animals around Turbines. 

The table below contains the literature relevant to this summary document and will continue to be updated as new literature is added to Tethys.

Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Salmonid response to a vertical axis hydrokinetic turbine in a stream aquarium Berry, M., Sundberg, J., Francisco, F. Conference Paper Marine Energy, Tidal Collision Fish, Pelagic Fish
Fast & Flexible: streamlining a simulation- based approach to collision risk assessments Horne, N., Schmitt, P., Culloch, R., Wilson, B., Dale, A., Houghton, J., Kregting, L. Conference Paper Marine Energy, Tidal Collision Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Tidal Turbine-Fish Interaction Pilot Study in the Aquatron Controlled Lab Space MacNeill, A., Mahon-Hodgins, L., Eddington, J., Batt, J., Bibeau, E., Kregting, L., Molloy, S. Conference Paper Marine Energy, Tidal Attraction, Avoidance, Collision Fish
Whale To Turbine Impact Using The GPU Based SPH-LSM Method Longshaw, S., Stansby, P., Rogers, B. Conference Paper Marine Energy, Tidal Collision Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Stereo-Video Methodology for Quantitative Analysis of Fish-Turbine Interactions Hammar, L., Ehnberg, J., Eggertsen, L., Andersson, S., Molander, S. Conference Paper Marine Energy, Tidal Collision Fish
Improving Understanding of Environmental Effects from Single MRE Devices to Arrays Hasselman, D., Hemery, L., Copping, A., Fulton, E., Fox, J., Gill, A., Polagye, B. Conference Paper Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave Changes in Flow, Collision, Displacement, EMF, Entanglement, Habitat Change, Noise
Improvements to Probabilistic Tidal Turbine-Fish Interaction Model Parameters Tomichek, C., Colby, J., Adonizio, M. Conference Paper Marine Energy, Tidal Avoidance, Collision Fish, Demersal Fish
Predicting the probability of encounter between fish species and tidal stream energy devices using acoustic telemetry Bangley, C., Hasselman, D., Culina, J., Flemming, J., Whoriskey, F., Stokesbury, M., Beland, J., Bradford, R., Sanderson, B. Conference Paper Marine Energy, Tidal Collision Fish
Potential Effects of the Interaction Between Marine Mammals and Tidal Turbines - An Engineering and Biomechanical Analysis Carlson, T., Jepsen, R., Copping, A. Conference Paper Marine Energy, Tidal Collision Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
The emergence of a new marine renewable energy industry – what are the implications for fisheries? Bell, M., Side, J., Kerr, S., Johnson, K., Baston, S., Bullen, C. Conference Paper Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave Changes in Flow, Collision, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise Fish, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Fisheries
Advancing a Key Consenting Risk for Tidal Energy: The Risk of Marine Mammal Collision for In-Stream Tidal Energy Devices Booth, C., Sparling, C., Wood, J., Tollitt, D., Scott-Heyward, L., Rexstad, E., Hultgren, Y., Johnsson, M., Knutzen, E. Conference Paper Marine Energy, Tidal Collision Marine Mammals
Winter and summer differences in probability of fish encounter (spatial overlap) with MHK devices Viehman, H., Boucher, T., Redden, A. Conference Paper Marine Energy, Tidal Collision Fish
Understanding the Risk to Marine Mammals from Collision with a Tidal Turbine Copping, A., Jepsen, R., Grear, M., Gorton, A., Chartrand, C. Conference Paper Marine Energy, Tidal Collision Marine Mammals
Interaction of Marine Renewable Energy and Marine Organisms: Active Acoustic Assessment Williamson, B., Fraser, S., Nikora, V., Blondel, P., Couto, A., Chapman, J., Scott, B. Conference Paper Marine Energy, Tidal Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement Fish
Who Should be Afraid of a Tidal Turbine - The Good the Bad or the Ugly? Hammar, L., Ehnberg, J. Conference Paper Marine Energy, Tidal Collision Fish, Pelagic Fish
Hydroacoustic Assessment of Behavioral Responses by Fish Passing Near an Operating Tidal Turbine in the East River, New York Bevelhimer, M., Scherelis, C., Colby, J., Adonizio, M. Journal Article Tidal, Marine Energy Collision, Avoidance Fish
Efficient unstructured mesh generation for marine renewable energy applications Avdis, A., Candy, A., Hill, J., Kramer, S., Piggott, M. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal Collision
Quantifying conditional probabilities of fish-turbine encounters and impacts Peraza, J., Horne, J. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal Collision Fish
Environmental Risk Evaluation System - An Approach to Ranking Risk of Ocean Energy Development on Coastal and Estuarine Environments Copping, A., Hanna, L., Van Cleve, B., Blake, K., Anderson, R. Journal Article Wind Energy, Wave, Tidal, Fixed Offshore Wind, Marine Energy Habitat Change, Displacement, Collision, Chemicals, Changes in Flow, Avoidance, Attraction Marine Mammals, Fish, Birds
Biological Consequences of Marine Energy Development on Marine Animals Hemery, L., Copping, A., Overhus, D. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal Changes in Flow, Collision, EMF, Entanglement, Habitat Change, Noise Seabirds, Pelagic Fish, Invertebrates, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds
Long‐term effect of a tidal, hydroelectric propeller turbine on the populations of three anadromous fish species Dadswell, M., Spares, A., McIean, M., Harris, P., Rulifson, R. Journal Article Tidal, Marine Energy Collision, Avoidance Pelagic Fish, Fish, Demersal Fish
Providing a detailed estimate of mortality using a simulation-based collision risk model Horne, N., Culloch, R., Schmitt, P., Wilson, B., Dale, A., Houghton, J., Kregting, L. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal Collision Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds
A Probabilistic Methodology for Determining Collision Risk of Marine Animals with Tidal Energy Turbines Copping, A., Hasselman, D., Bangley, C., Culina, J., Carcas, M. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal Collision Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Demersal Fish, Pelagic Fish, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Simulating Blade-Strike on Fish Passing Through Marine Hydrokinetic Turbines Romero-Gomez, P., Richmond, M. Journal Article Tidal, Riverine, Marine Energy Collision Pelagic Fish, Fish, Demersal Fish
A Tool for Simulating Collision Probabilities of Animals with Marine Renewable Energy Devices Schmitt, P., Culloch, R., Lieber, L., Molander, S., Hammar, L., Kregting, L. Journal Article Tidal, Marine Energy Collision
Empirical measures of harbor seal behavior and avoidance of an operational tidal turbine Joy, R., Wood, J., Sparling, C., Tollit, D., Copping, A., McConnell, B. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal Avoidance, Collision Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds
Assessment of Zooplankton Injury and Mortality Associated With Underwater Turbines for Tidal Energy Production Schlezinger, D., Taylor, C., Howes, B. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal Collision Ecosystem Processes
Use of a model turbine to investigate the high striking risk of fish with tidal and oceanic current turbine blades under slow rotational speed Yoshida, T., Zhou, J., Park, S., Muto, H., Kitazawa, D. Journal Article Marine Energy, Ocean Current, Tidal Collision Fish
Operational Noise from Tidal Turbine Arrays and the Assessment of Collision Risk with Marine Mammals Marmo, B. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal Collision, Noise Marine Mammals
Assessing the effects of tidal stream marine renewable energy on seabirds: A conceptual framework Isaksson, N., Masden, E., Williamson, B., Costagliola-Ray, M., Slingsby, J., Houghton, J., Wilson, J. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal Collision, Displacement Birds, Seabirds
Application of a multibeam echosounder to document changes in animal movement and behaviour around a tidal turbine structure Williamson, B., Blondel, P., Williamson, L., Scott, B. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal Attraction, Collision, Habitat Change Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Marine Mammals
Assessing the Sensitivity of Seabird Populations to Adverse Effects from Tidal Stream Turbines and Wave Energy Devices Furness, R., Wade, H., Robbins, A., Masden, E. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave Attraction, Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change Birds, Seabirds
Computational Prediction of Pressure Change in the Vicinity of Tidal Stream Turbines and the Consequences for Fish Survival Rate Zangiabadi, E., Masters, I., Williams, A., Croft, T., Malki, R., Edmunds, M., Mason-Jones, A., Horsfall, I. Journal Article Tidal, Marine Energy Habitat Change, Collision Fish
Experimental study of fish behavior near a tidal turbine model under dark conditions Yoshida, T., Furuichi, D., Williamson, B., Zhou, J., Dong, S., Li, Q., Kitazawa, D. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal Avoidance, Collision Fish
Good noise, bad noise: A tricky case of balancing risk of physical injury against acoustic disturbance for marine mammals and tidal energy devices Wilson, B., Marmo, B., Lepper, P., Risch, D., Benjamins, S., Hastie, G., Carter, C. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal Collision, Noise Marine Mammals
A Review of Modeling Approaches for Understanding and Monitoring the Environmental Effects of Marine Renewable Energy Buenau, K., Garavelli, L., Hemery, L., Garcia Medina, G. Journal Article Marine Energy, Ocean Current, Tidal, Wave Changes in Flow, Collision, Displacement, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise
An Evaluation of the Potential Impact of Extracting Marine Renewable Energy in the Coastal Environment of the Black Sea Zburlea, L., Rusu, E. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Changes in Flow, Collision, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment
Diving Behaviour of Black Guillemots Cepphus grylle in the Pentland Firth, UK: Potential for Interactions with Tidal Stream Energy Developments Masden, E., Foster, S., Jackson, A. Journal Article Tidal, Marine Energy Collision Birds
First in situ Passive Acoustic Monitoring for Marine Mammals during Operation of a Tidal Turbine in Ramsey Sound, Wales Malinka, C., Gillespie, D., Macaulay, J., Joy, R., Sparling, C. Journal Article Tidal, Marine Energy Collision Marine Mammals
Using Trajectories through a Tidal Energy Development Site in the Bay of Fundy to Study Interaction of Renewable Energy with Local Fish Sanderson, B., Stokesbury, M., Redden, A. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal Collision Fish, Pelagic Fish
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